Passive with Reporting Verbs
در این درس گرامر Passive with Reporting Verbs را یاد می‌گیریم. این ساختار زمانی استفاده می‌شود که بخواهیم عملی که توسط شخصی انجام شده گزارش داده شود، بدون اینکه الزاماً فاعل اصلی را ذکر کنیم.
1. تعریف Passive with Reporting Verbs
زمانی که جمله‌ای شامل reporting verbs مانند say, tell, announce, explain, report باشد و بخواهیم جمله را به صورت مجهول بسازیم، فاعل اصلی اغلب حذف می‌شود و جمله به صورت Passive درمی‌آید:
Reporting Verb + that + clause (passive)
2. مثال‌ها
He said, "I will help you." → He was said to be willing to help.
They announced, "The event is cancelled." → The event was announced to be cancelled.
She explained, "I cannot attend the meeting." → She was explained not to be able to attend the meeting.
They announced, "The event is cancelled." → The event was announced to be cancelled.
She explained, "I cannot attend the meeting." → She was explained not to be able to attend the meeting.
3. نکات مهم
- بعد از reporting verbs از to + infinitive برای passive استفاده می‌کنیم.
- فعل اصلی جمله به فرم مجهول درمی‌آید و فاعل گاهی ذکر نمی‌شود.
- این ساختار معمولاً در گزارشات رسمی، اخبار و مکاتبات رسمی کاربرد دارد.
4. تمرین کوتاه
- They said, "The project will start next week." → ____________________
- She told me, "You must submit the report." → ____________________
- The teacher explained, "The exam was difficult." → ____________________
- He announced, "We are closing the store today." → ____________________
- They reported, "LangorAi.com provides online lessons." → ____________________
جواب‌ها:
- The project was said to be starting next week.
- I was told to submit the report.
- The exam was explained to be difficult.
- We were announced to be closing the store today.
- LangorAi.com was reported to provide online lessons.
جمع‌بندی
گرامر Passive with Reporting Verbs برای گزارش کردن گفته‌ها یا اطلاعیه‌ها به صورت رسمی و بدون ذکر فاعل اصلی استفاده می‌شود. با تمرین جملات مثبت و منفی می‌توانید این ساختار را در مکالمه و نوشتار رسمی به کار ببرید.
