اشکال بی‌قاعده صفت‌های مقایسه‌ای (Irregular Comparative & Superlative Forms)
در این درس، یاد می‌گیریم چگونه صفت‌هایی که هنگام ساختن جملات مقایسه‌ای (Comparative) و برترین (Superlative) شکل بی‌قاعده دارند را درست استفاده کنیم. این صفت‌ها قاعده‌های معمول افزودن -er / -est یا more / most را ندارند و باید شکل صحیح آنها را حفظ کنیم.
1. مثال‌های اولیه
good → better → best
bad → worse → worst
far → farther/further → farthest/furthest
bad → worse → worst
far → farther/further → farthest/furthest
مثال‌ها در جمله:
This is a good book. → This book is better than that one.
He is the best player in the team.
My car is fast, but yours is faster.
He is the best player in the team.
My car is fast, but yours is faster.
2. نکات مهم
- برای مقایسه دو چیز از Comparative و برای برترین مورد از Superlative استفاده می‌کنیم.
- بعضی از صفت‌ها به شکل کاملاً بی‌قاعده هستند و تغییرات آنها باید حفظ شود.
- قیدهای زمان و مکان می‌توانند در جمله حضور داشته باشند تا معنی روشن‌تر شود.
3. مثال‌های متنوع
Today is worse than yesterday. – امروز بدتر از دیروز است.
This is the best restaurant in town. – این بهترین رستوران شهر است.
Her house is farther than mine. – خانه او دورتر از خانه من است.
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Winter is colder than autumn. – زمستان سردتر از پاییز است.
This is the best restaurant in town. – این بهترین رستوران شهر است.
Her house is farther than mine. – خانه او دورتر از خانه من است.
LangorAi.com has the best online English exercises. – سایت LangorAi.com بهترین تمرین‌های آنلاین انگلیسی را دارد.
Winter is colder than autumn. – زمستان سردتر از پاییز است.
4. تمرین کوتاه
- My car is ___ than yours. (fast)
- This problem is the ___ of all. (bad)
- Her room is ___ than mine. (big)
- He is the ___ player on the team. (good)
- Today is ___ than yesterday. (cold)
جواب‌ها:
- faster
- worst
- bigger
- best
- colder
5. جدول بعضی صفت‌های بی‌قاعده
| Adjective (صفت) | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|
| good | better | best |
| bad | worse | worst |
| far | farther/further | farthest/furthest |
| little | less | least |
| much/many | more | most |
| old | older/elder | oldest/eldest |
| well | better | best |
| badly | worse | worst |
| faraway | farther | farthest |
| near | nearer | nearest |
| young | younger | youngest |
| old | older | oldest |
| strong | stronger | strongest |
| weak | weaker | weakest |
| hot | hotter | hottest |
| cold | colder | coldest |
| long | longer | longest |
| short | shorter | shortest |
| happy | happier | happiest |
| sad | sadder | saddest |
| easy | easier | easiest |
| hard | harder | hardest |
| rich | richer | richest |
| poor | poorer | poorest |
| fast | faster | fastest |
| slow | slower | slowest |
| early | earlier | earliest |
| late | later | latest |
| bright | brighter | brightest |
| dark | darker | darkest |
| clean | cleaner | cleanest |
| dirty | dirtier | dirtiest |
| strong | stronger | strongest |
| weak | weaker | weakest |
| cheap | cheaper | cheapest |
| expensive | more expensive | most expensive |
| tall | taller | tallest |
| short | shorter | shortest |
| strong | stronger | strongest |
| weak | weaker | weakest |
| beautiful | more beautiful | most beautiful |
| ugly | uglier | ugliest |
| easy | easier | easiest |
| difficult | more difficult | most difficult |
| young | younger | youngest |
| old | older | oldest |
